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Research, Writing, and Grammar

How Library Stuff Works: How to Evaluate Resources (the CRAAP Test)

Evaluating Sources Using The CRAAP Test

Before you use or rely on information provided by a source, apply the CRAAP Test by asking the following questions:

Currency: How timely is the information? Is it the most recent information or data on the topic?

Relevance: Is the information relevant to my research? Who is the audience?

Authority: What is the source of the information? Is the source an authority or expert on the subject? What are the author's credentials? Is the author affiliated with an organization that might benefit from the research? Is there current contact information for the author?

Accuracy: Is the information reliable and truthful? Is the information supported by other research?

Purpose: Why does the information exist? Is it promoting something such a product, a particular religious, cultural or political view? Is it for entertainment or education?